Application Of Basalt Fibers

Fiber surface modification technology mainly includes surface oxidation modification technology, electroless plating/electroplating surface modification technology, plasma modification technology and coating modification technology, among which coating modification technology is the most widely used, the main purpose is to improve its mechanical energy and environmental anti-aging performance, as well as composite properties with other materials. In the basalt fiber (BF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite system, a block copolymer macromolecule coupling agent (PS-b-PHEA) of polystyrene (PS) and hydroxyethyl polyacrylate (PHEA) was introduced to improve the interfacial properties of the composites. G.J. Wang [8] used low-temperature plasma technology to modify basalt fibers to improve surface chemical stability and roughness, and introduced surface-active groups, which was conducive to improving their adhesion properties. Denni Kurniawan [9] used glow plasma polymerized basalt fiber/polylactic acid composites, which improved the mechanical properties of the materials by 45% and 18%, respectively.

Based on the guidance of the immobilization theory of microbial carriers, the advantages and environment-friendly characteristics of basalt fibers, new environmentally friendly materials, the method of surface modification of fiber materials is applied to improve the surface energy and biological affinity of the carrier, and a new environment-friendly biological carrier is created. Basalt fiber as a carrier material for water purification is still a blank field, basalt fiber has the general performance as a microbial carrier, but in order to better improve its surface microbial attachment performance, its surface needs to be modified, which is an urgent problem to be solved for the wide application of basalt fiber carrier.

Application of basalt fiber in the field of functional clothing: basalt fiber cloth has high strength, permanent flame retardant, short-term temperature resistance of more than 1000 °C, and can be used in a long-term temperature environment of 760 °C, which is an ideal material to replace asbestos and glass fiber cloth. According to the basalt fiber cloth, it has high breaking strength, high temperature resistance and permanent flame retardancy. It is a low-cost alternative to high-performance fibers and advanced fibers such as Nomex (aramid 1313), Kevlar (aramid 1414), Zylon (PBO fiber), and carbon fiber. The basalt fiber cloth can be dyed and printed by chemical printing and dyeing. Functional finishing, such as organofluorine finishing, can be made into a permanent flame retardant cloth that is oil-proof and water-resistant. The garments that can be manufactured from basalt fiber cloth are: firefighter fire extinguishing protective clothing, heat insulation clothing, fire protection clothing, furnace worker protective clothing, electric welding work clothes, and flame retardant clothing for military armored vehicle occupants.