Characteristics Of Basalt Fibers

The surface of basalt fiber is smooth, the surface energy is low, after surface modification, nano-SiO2 particles are added to the surface, which effectively improves the surface roughness of the fiber and increases the effective contact area between the microorganism and the carrier; there are cations on the modified surface, the surface potential of the carrier is increased, and the surface of the carrier is positively charged, and the electrostatic suction is used to promote the fixation of microorganisms, which is conducive to the immobilization of microorganisms; the active functional groups on the modified surface increase the surface energy of the carrier, and the hydroxyl group, Carbonyl or carboxyl groups have a positive effect on the adhesion and growth of microorganisms on the surface of the carrier. Through the surface modification of the basalt fiber carrier, it has good hydrophilicity and microbial load performance, so that it can carry more biomass and maintain high microbial activity for a long time, so as to achieve more effective degradation of pollutants in water by biofilm method.

 

(1) Sufficient raw materials

Basalt fiber is made of basalt ore melted and drawn, and the reserves of basalt ore on the earth and the moon are quite objective, and the cost of raw materials is relatively low.

 

(2) Environmentally-friendly materials

Basalt ore is a natural material, and no boron or other alkali metal oxides are discharged during its production process, so there is no precipitation of harmful substances in its smoke and dust, and it will not cause pollution to the atmosphere. Moreover, the product has a long service life, so it is a new type of green active environmental protection material with low cost, high performance and ideal cleanliness.

 

(3) High temperature and water resistance

The working temperature range of continuous basalt fiber is generally 269~700 °C (softening point is 960 °C), while glass fiber is 60~450 °C, and the maximum use temperature of carbon fiber can only reach 500 °C. In particular, when the basalt fiber works at 600 °C, its strength can still maintain 80% of the original strength after breaking, and when it works at 860 °C without shrinkage, even if the mineral wool with excellent temperature resistance can only maintain the strength at 50%-60% after breaking, and the glass wool is completely destroyed. Carbon fiber, on the other hand, produces CO and CO2 at about 300°C. Basalt fibers can maintain high strength under the action of 70°C hot water, and basalt fibers may lose part of their strength after 1200 h.

 

(4) Good chemical stability and corrosion resistance

Continuous basalt fiber contains components such as K2O, MgO) and TiO2, which are extremely beneficial to improve the chemical corrosion resistance and waterproof performance of fibers, and play a very important role. It has more advantages than the chemical stability of glass fibers, especially in alkaline and acidic media, and basalt fibers can also maintain higher resistance to alkaline corrosion in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution and alkaline media such as cement.

 

(5) High elastic modulus and tensile strength

The elastic modulus of basalt fiber is 9100 kg/mm-11000 kg/mm, which is higher than that of alkali-free glass fiber, asbestos, aramid fiber, polypropylene fiber and silicon fiber. The tensile strength of basalt fiber is 3800-4800 MPa, which is higher than that of large tow carbon fiber, aramid, PBI fiber, steel fiber, boron fiber and alumina fiber, and is comparable to S glass fiber. The density of basalt fiber is 2.65-3.00 g/cm3, and the hardness is very high, 5-9 degrees on the Mohs scale, so it has excellent wear resistance and tensile strength. Its mechanical strength far exceeds that of natural fibers and synthetic fibers, so it is an ideal reinforcement material, and its excellent mechanical properties are in the forefront of the four high-performance fibers.

 

(6) Outstanding sound insulation performance

Continuous basalt fiber has excellent sound insulation and sound absorption properties, and it can be known from the sound absorption coefficient of the fiber under different audio conditions, and its sound absorption coefficient increases significantly with the increase of frequency. If the sound-absorbing material made of basalt fiber with a diameter of 1-3 μm (density of 15 kg/m3 and thickness of 30mm) is selected, the sound absorption coefficient of the fiber material is 0 under the conditions of 100~300 Hz, 400~900 Hz and 1200~7 000 HZ. 05~0.15 , 0. 22~0. 75 and 0.85~0.93.